koa+mongoose实现简单增删改查接口的示例代码

配合上一篇文章的联系人应用(https://www.aspxhome.com/article/161160.htm)，实现配套的基于nodejs的后台增删改查接口

1. 所需工具

• node.js

• mongoDB

2. 主要node模块

koa(https://koa.bootcss.com，一个nodejs的开发框架)，mongoose(https://mongoosejs.com，mongDB操作工具)

3. 目录结构

4. 启动MongoDB

首先在MongoDB安装盘的根目录下(这里假设是D盘)新建一个文件夹data，然后在MongoDB的bin中打开终端，输入mongod --DBpath d:\data，这样MongoDB的数据存放地点就配置好了。

然后双击bin中的mongo.exe，mongoDB就启动完成了。

5. app.js

app.js为入口文件，功能是连接数据库，导入文件，引入koa组件，最后启动服务。

'use strict';

const fs = require('fs');
const path = require('path');
const mongoose = require('mongoose');

const db = 'mongodb://localhost/test';

/* 连接数据库 */
mongoose.Promise = require('bluebird');
mongoose.connect(db, {useMongoClient: true});

/**
* 获取数据库表对应的js对象所在的路径
* @type {[type]}
*/
const models_path = path.join(__dirname, '/app/models');

/**
* 已递归的形式，读取models文件夹下的js模型文件，并require
* @param {[type]} modelPath [description]
* @return {[type]}   [description]
*/
let walk = function (modelPath) {
fs.readdirSync(modelPath).forEach(function (file) {
 let filePath = path.join(modelPath, '/' + file)
 let stat = fs.statSync(filePath)

if (stat.isFile()) {
  if (/(.*)\.(js|coffee)/.test(file)) {
   require(filePath)
  }
 }
 else if (stat.isDirectory()) {
  walk(filePath)
 }
})
};
walk(models_path);

require('babel-register');
const Koa = require('koa');
const logger = require('koa-logger');
const session = require('koa-session');
const bodyParser = require('koa-bodyparser');
const app = new Koa();

app.use(logger());
app.use(session(app));
app.use(bodyParser());

/**
* 使用路由转发请求
* @type {[type]}
*/
const router = require('./config/router')();

app.use(router.routes());
app.use(router.allowedMethods());

app.listen(3000);
console.log('app started at port 3000...');

6. 路由配置

路由配置在config/router.js中进行。

const Router = require('koa-router');
const User = require('../app/controllers/user');

module.exports = function () {
let router = new Router({
 prefix: '/api'
});

router.post('/test/user/users', User.users);
router.post('/test/user/user', User.user);
router.post('/test/user/add', User.addUser);
router.post('/test/user/delete', User.deleteUser);
return router
};

post方法第一参数为路由地址，第二参数为路由地址对应的方法。 

7. 表结构定义

表结构定义在app/models/user.js中。

let mongoose = require('mongoose');
let Schema = mongoose.Schema;

// 定义表结构
let UserSchema = new Schema({
name: {
 type: String,
 required: true
},
sex: String,
area: String,
always: Boolean,
relationship: Array,
mobile: String,
phone: String,
desc: String,
id: String
});

// 参数User 数据库中的集合名称, 不存在会创建.
let User = mongoose.model('User', UserSchema);

module.exports = User;

8. 工具方法

一些增删改查的工具方法放在app/dbhelp/userHelp.js中

'use strict';

let mongoose = require('mongoose');
let User = mongoose.model('User');

/* 查找用户 */
exports.findAllUsers = async () => {
let query = User.find();
let res = [];
await query.exec(function (err, users) {
 if (err) {
  res = [];
 } else {
  res = users;
 }
});
return res
};

/* 查找特定用户 */
exports.findFilterUsers = async (params) => {
let nameReg = new RegExp(params.name, 'i');
let query = User.find({
 name: {
  $regex: nameReg
 }
});
let res = [];
await query.exec(function (err, users) {
 if (err) {
  res = []
 } else {
  res = users;
 }
});
return res
};

/* 查找单个用户 */
exports.findUser = async (params) => {
let query = User.find({
 id: params.id
});
let res = {};
await query.exec(function (err, tUser) {
 if (err) {
  res = '没有该用户';
 } else {
  res = tUser[0];
 }
});
return res
};

/* 新增用户 */
exports.addUser = async (user) => {
user = await user.save();
return user
};

/* 编辑用户 */
exports.updateUser = async (user) => {
user = await User.update({id: user.id}, {
 $set: {
  name: user.name,
  sex: user.sex,
  area: user.area,
  always: user.always,
  relationship: user.relationship,
  phone: user.phone,
  mobile: user.mobile,
  desc: user.desc
 }
});
return user
};

/* 删除用户 */
exports.deleteUser = async ({id}) => {
let flag = false;
console.log('flag==========>' + flag);
await User.remove({id}, function (err) {
 if (err) {
  flag = false
 } else {
  flag = true
 }

});
console.log('flag=====await=====>' + flag);
return flag
};

9. 路由配置中对应的方法

路由配置中对应的方法在app/controller/user.js中。

'use strict';

let xss = require('xss');
let mongoose = require('mongoose');
let User = mongoose.model('User');
let uuid = require('uuid');
import userHelper from '../dbhelper/userHelper.js'

/* 多用户 */
exports.users = async (ctx, next) => {
let data;
if (ctx.request.body) {
 data = await userHelper.findFilterUsers(ctx.request.body)
} else {
 data = await userHelper.findAllUsers()
}

ctx.body = {
 success: true,
 data
}
};
/* 单用户 */
exports.user = async (ctx, next) => {
let data = await userHelper.findUser(ctx.request.body)

ctx.body = {
 success: true,
 data
}
};
/* 添加(更新)用户 */
exports.addUser = async (ctx, next) => {
let newObj = ctx.request.body,
 user2;
let id = newObj.id || uuid.v4();
let user = new User({
 name: newObj.name,
 sex: newObj.sex,
 area: newObj.area,
 always: newObj.always,
 relationship: newObj.relationship,
 phone: newObj.phone,
 mobile: newObj.mobile,
 desc: newObj.desc,
 id: id
});
if (newObj.id) {
 user2 = await userHelper.updateUser(user);
} else {
 user2 = await userHelper.addUser(user);
}

if (user2) {
 ctx.body = {
  success: true,
  data: user2
 }
}
};
/* 删除用户 */
exports.deleteUser = async (ctx, next) => {
let id = xss(ctx.request.body.id);
let data = await userHelper.deleteUser({id});
ctx.body = {
 success: true,
 data
}
};

总结：

其实没有什么花头，无非都是api的使用，这里比较多用async与await实现异步操作，阮老师的文章里有async的一切，http://es6.ruanyifeng.com/#docs/async。

来源：https://www.cnblogs.com/junhua/p/7714572.html